See kolbō on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German Low German",
"lang_code": "nds-de",
"word": "Kolven"
},
{
"lang": "Saterland Frisian",
"lang_code": "stq",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Kolwe"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "colve"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"word": "kolƀo"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "kolf"
},
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "kolf"
},
{
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "kolf"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "kolf"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "kolf"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "gowf"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "gowff"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "gholf"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "golf"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "golf"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "gowf"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "gowff"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "gholf"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "golf"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "gouff"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "colve"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"word": "*kolbo"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "Cholbe"
},
{
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "Cholpe"
},
{
"lang": "Bavarian",
"lang_code": "bar",
"word": "Koim"
},
{
"lang": "Bavarian",
"lang_code": "bar",
"word": "Koibm"
},
{
"lang": "Central Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
"word": "Kolf"
},
{
"lang": "Central Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
"word": "Kolwe"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Kolben"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Kolben"
},
{
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"word": "Kollef"
},
{
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"word": "Kolf"
},
{
"lang": "Rhine Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-rfr",
"word": "Kolwe"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"word": "kolbe"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"word": "kolbo"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "Cholbe"
},
{
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "Cholpe"
},
{
"lang": "Bavarian",
"lang_code": "bar",
"word": "Koim"
},
{
"lang": "Bavarian",
"lang_code": "bar",
"word": "Koibm"
},
{
"lang": "Central Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
"word": "Kolf"
},
{
"lang": "Central Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
"word": "Kolwe"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Kolben"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Kolben"
},
{
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"word": "Kollef"
},
{
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"word": "Kolf"
},
{
"lang": "Rhine Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-rfr",
"word": "Kolwe"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"word": "kolbe"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"word": "cholpo"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*kolb",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kolb"
],
[
"*-ō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/-ō#Proto-West_Germanic:_agent_noun"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": ":af",
"3": "*kolb",
"4": "*-ō<id:agent noun>"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*gel-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*kulbaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*kolb\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ô\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ō\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*kolbō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" }\" data-lang=\"gmw-pro\" data-title=\"*kolbō\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*kolb",
"3": "*-ō",
"id2": "agent noun",
"pos2": "agentive suffix"
},
"expansion": "*kolb + *-ō (agentive suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *kolb + *-ō (agentive suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-an",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "an-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine an-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kolbō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulbini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolbanō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulbini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolbum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulbini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolbum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*kolbō m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-an"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kolbō",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"club, mallet"
],
"id": "en-kolbō-gmw-pro-noun-b~lfv8pM",
"links": [
[
"club",
"club"
],
[
"mallet",
"mallet"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 90",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 84",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 87",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 93",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-ō (agent noun)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bulb, cob"
],
"id": "en-kolbō-gmw-pro-noun-0895svn2",
"links": [
[
"bulb",
"bulb"
],
[
"cob",
"cob"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "kolbō"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with etymon",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine an-stem nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gel-",
"Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-ō (agent noun)"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German Low German",
"lang_code": "nds-de",
"word": "Kolven"
},
{
"lang": "Saterland Frisian",
"lang_code": "stq",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Kolwe"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "colve"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"word": "kolƀo"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "kolf"
},
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "kolf"
},
{
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "kolf"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "kolf"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "kolf"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "gowf"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "gowff"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "gholf"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "golf"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "golf"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "gowf"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "gowff"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "gholf"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "golf"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "gouff"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "colve"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"word": "*kolbo"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "Cholbe"
},
{
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "Cholpe"
},
{
"lang": "Bavarian",
"lang_code": "bar",
"word": "Koim"
},
{
"lang": "Bavarian",
"lang_code": "bar",
"word": "Koibm"
},
{
"lang": "Central Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
"word": "Kolf"
},
{
"lang": "Central Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
"word": "Kolwe"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Kolben"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Kolben"
},
{
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"word": "Kollef"
},
{
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"word": "Kolf"
},
{
"lang": "Rhine Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-rfr",
"word": "Kolwe"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"word": "kolbe"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"word": "kolbo"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "Cholbe"
},
{
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "Cholpe"
},
{
"lang": "Bavarian",
"lang_code": "bar",
"word": "Koim"
},
{
"lang": "Bavarian",
"lang_code": "bar",
"word": "Koibm"
},
{
"lang": "Central Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
"word": "Kolf"
},
{
"lang": "Central Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
"word": "Kolwe"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Kolben"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Kolben"
},
{
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"word": "Kollef"
},
{
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"word": "Kolf"
},
{
"lang": "Rhine Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-rfr",
"word": "Kolwe"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"word": "kolbe"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"word": "cholpo"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*kolb",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kolb"
],
[
"*-ō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/-ō#Proto-West_Germanic:_agent_noun"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": ":af",
"3": "*kolb",
"4": "*-ō<id:agent noun>"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*gel-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*kulbaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*kolb\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ô\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ō\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*kolbō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" }\" data-lang=\"gmw-pro\" data-title=\"*kolbō\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*kolb",
"3": "*-ō",
"id2": "agent noun",
"pos2": "agentive suffix"
},
"expansion": "*kolb + *-ō (agentive suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *kolb + *-ō (agentive suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-an",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "an-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine an-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kolbō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulbini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolbanō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulbini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolbum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulbini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolbum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*kolbō m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-an"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kolbō",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"club, mallet"
],
"links": [
[
"club",
"club"
],
[
"mallet",
"mallet"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bulb, cob"
],
"links": [
[
"bulb",
"bulb"
],
[
"cob",
"cob"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "kolbō"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kolbō meaning in All languages combined (7.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.